Collaborative Tools

 Collaborative tools and how to use it.(Google Docs)

Collaboration tools of ICT is currently the focus of much interest and emerging as development of new tools that make online collaborative projects draw a realistic option for distributed group work. Internet can be used for many collaborative activities such as meetings, discussions are taking place, working in the document, information dissemination, teaching and learning, and other tasks.

 Google docs.

To create a new file:

1. From Google Drive, locate and select the New button, then choose the type of file you want to create. In our example, we'll select Google Docs to create a new document. 

1. 
2. Your new file will appear in a new tab on your browser. Locate and select Untitled document in the upper-left corner.
   
3. The Rename dialog box will appear. Type a name for your file, then click OK.
   
4. Your file will be renamed. You can access the file at any time from your Google Drive, where it will be saved automatically. Simply double-click to open the file again.
   

You may notice that there is no Save button for your files. This is because Google Drive uses auto save, which automatically and immediately saves your files as you edit them.

 

Indicators for Acid and Alkali

 Topic: Indicators for Acid and Alkali.

Objectives: by the end of the lesson,  you will be bale to;

1. use simulation to find the pH of different solution.

  

Indicator: the materials such as litmus paper, pH paper, methyl orange, etc, are called indicators because they are used to test the presence of acids and bases in certain specific materials.

pH: Power of hydrogen. It is the concentration of hydrogen ion. Greater the concentration of hydrogen ions, stronger the acid.

There is a simulation link given below, which will help you understand the pH of various solution without any experimental materials. 

Procedure: 

• Click on the link ‪pH Scale‬ (colorado.edu)

• Click on “Macro”

• There is a list of solutions on the top. You can choose any solution and click on the dropper to fill the beaker.

• On the left hand side there is pH scale and you can drag the pH reader into the solution to test the solution.

Some commonly used acid-base indicators and their color change are given below.

Acid-base indicators	Colour changes
	In acid	In base
Litmus paper	Blue to red	Red to blue
phenolphthalein	Remain colourless	Colourless to pink
Methyl orange	Orange to pink	Orange to yellow

Sound Travel

 Sound can move through the air, water, or solids, as long as there are particles to bounce off of. however, if there are not particles to bounce off of, it cant move. there is no sound in the vacuum of space, because there is nothing to vibrate the sound. The video below will explain how sound travels from the source to your ears.

Jangsa Dumtseg Lhakhang

Jangsa Dumtseg Lhakhang 

Dumtseg Lhakhang is a Buddhist temple in western Bhutan (Paro). The temple is notable as it is in the form of a stupa (chorten), very rare in Bhutan. It is located on the edge of a hill between the Paro valley and the Dopshari valley, across the bridge from Paro.   

                 

The stupa-temple was built in 1421(other sources say 1433) by an eminent Tibetan Lama named Thangtong Gyalpo (1385-1464), also known as Chagzampa, who is remembered for his building of some eight iron bridges in Bhutan. His reason for building a temple in chorten form is because it is said to immobilze demons and proclaims the victory of Buddhism. According to a local legend, the Lhakhang was built to subdue a “serpentine force” that was located at the foundation of the chorten. According to a Bhutanese source it was built “on the nose of a hill that looks like a frog in order to counteract Sadag (earth-owning spirit) and lunyen (powerful naga spirit).  

In 1841, the 25^th Je Khenpo, Sherab Gyeltsen restored the temple with the aid of local villagers, thanking the donors by craving their names on tree trunks which form the columns of the ground floor. The Lhakhang is conceived as a mandala, with different storeys (three floors) corresponding to the different levels of initiation. The three floors are said to represent hell, earth and heaven. It is in the shape of a chorten with a white tower on top, very unusual in Bhutan. The monastery contains many steep ladders to reach the different levels. The Lhakhang contains a massive collection of Buddhist paintings and iconography, said to rival those of any Tibetan Buddhist monastery.